核桃杂交子代群体坚果主要矿质元素含量分析

Analysis on Mineral Elements of Walnut Hybrid Progeny

【目的】研究不同来源的41个核桃优良单株坚果矿质元素含量及营养成分,以筛选出影响坚果品质的主要矿质指标及综合性状优良的单株。【方法】采用ICP法对不同来源的核桃矿质元素进行测定,用主成分分析法对核桃优良单株进行综合评价。【结果】杂交子代群体坚果矿质元素含量处于较高水平,其中,K>Ca>P>Mg>Zn>Mn>Fe>Cu。坚果矿质元素的变异程度总体较高,遗传多样性极其丰富,具有较大的选择潜力。其中,Mn、Fe、Ca等主要经济性状指标的变异系数相对较高,分别达66.09%、43.28%和30.31%。核桃各矿质元素含量及其与营养成分间存在一定的相关性。其中,粗蛋白与Zn、P、Ca之间,Mg与Mn、Zn、K之间,Cu与Mn、Fe之间相关性均达显著或极显著水平。以主成分综合得分对坚果进行评价,其综合表现依次为:乡土核桃≈杂交子代>引进核桃。其中,排名前4的依次为:ZJ2>XT6>ZJ19>XT9。【结论】在进行核桃品种选育时,可将Mn、Fe、Ca作为重要的参考指标。4个优良单株ZJ2、XT6、ZJ19、XT9综合性状表现优良,可作为优良种质资源进一步应用推广。

【Objective】The objective of the study was to measure main mineral elements and nutrients within walnuts from 41 superior individuals,which was expected to screen the key mineral elements affecting nut quality.【Method】Mineral elements were determined by ICP and the data was analyzed by DPS.【Result】The contents of mineral elements in hybrids progeny was relatively high and the order was as follows：K〉Ca〉P〉Mg〉Zn〉Mn〉Fe〉Cu. The variation degree was high in mineral elements among individuals and the genetic diversity was extremely rich. Among of them,the variation coefficient of the major economic indicators,such as Mn,Fe and Ca,was relatively high. They were 66.09%,43.28% and 30.31%,respectively. There was a certain correlation between mineral elements and nutrients. There were significant correlations between crude protein and Zn,P and Ca,between Mg and Mn,Zn and K and between Cu and Mn,Fe. According to the principal component,the comprehensive performance were as follows：Native cultivar or hybrids progeny〉introduced cultivar. Meanwhile,ZJ2,XT6,ZJ19 and XT9 were identified as the top four reference candidates.【Conclusion】Fe,Mn and Ca were important indicators in walnut cultivar. Four superior individuals（ZJ2,XT6,ZJ19 and XT9） were comprehensively good and could be used as good germplasm resource for further application.