从《乞力马扎罗的雪》看小说语境的创设对文本意义的影响

A Study of the Influence of Novel's Context Creation on the Meaning of the Text Illustrated with The Snows of Kilimanjaro as an Example

小说语境研究是小说研究的重要方法之一。此方法是在现代文学发展的历程中逐渐获得重视的,直至今日,能将小说语境理论与实际文本结合的研究为数不多。海明威的短篇经典之作《乞力马扎罗的雪》在语境创设上有独到之处,在文本语境构建完整的基础上,善于用修辞手法营造语境诠释死亡主题,在人物对话的前后落差和景色描写的落差间求得平衡,形成语境差的审美体验。海明威对于人物心理的成功描写和小说结构的精心铺设,很大程度上得益于小说语境的运用,这直接影响着整个文本意义的呈现效果,促进小说意蕴的升华。

Context study is one of the important approaches to novel studies.This approach gradually draws attention in the development of modern literature.Heretofore,few studies have combined context theory with novel text.Ernest Hemingway＇s short classic The Snows of Kilimanjaro is exquisite in creating contexts.It is perfect at interpreting the death theme with figures of speech on the basis of building a complete context.A balance has been achieved between the information gap of dialogues and the contrast of landscapes,which brings aesthetic experience from context gap.Thanks to the employment of the novel context,Hemingway gains a great success in psychological descriptions and careful arrangement of novel structure,which directly influences the whole expressive effect of textual meaning,and sublimates the novel＇s implications.