中国诗学如何对话世界——以叶嘉莹论“意象化之感情”为中心

How do Chinese Poetics Talk to the World——Focus on Ye Jiaying's Research on “Image of Emotion”

立足于中国古典诗歌的感发传统,叶嘉莹对形象和情意之关系的中西理论进行了系统的梳理和比较。她从七言律诗发展演进的脉络中,结合对杜甫知人论世的研究,发掘出杜甫《秋兴八首》所表现的"意象化之感情"这一形象类型。"意象化之感情"具有两个核心特征:其一,它不是局限于某种特定的情感,而是一种博大深厚的情感境界;其二,它是"兴"的一种变体,它的情意内容不是直白地表露,而是深蕴于所叙写的景物之中。"意象化之感情"与注重有心安排和制作的西方形象类型相比,以其鲜明的感发本质和不能确指的阐释特征,超越了西方理论的边界,能够屹立于世界文学之林。叶嘉莹对"意象化之感情"的发掘,对我们从世界文学的视野进行中国诗学的研究提供了丰富的启发。

On the basis of the tradition of “Poems can xing” in classical Chinese poems, Ye Jiaying summarizes and compares the western and Chinese theories about the relationship between image and affection. Through the study of Du Fu s lifetime and his time, Ye Jiaying excavates the“image of emotion” as an unique image type through the historical development of seven-character octave. There are two key features in the“image of emotion”. First, it is a complicated state of multiple meanings and deep feelings, which can go beyond the limitation of a special feeling. Second, it is a variant of “xing”, whose feelings are not expressed directly, but embodied in sceneries. Compared with western image types, the “image of emotion” goes beyond the boundary of western theory and therefore stands among the world literature as an original image type. Ye jiaying s research on the“image of emotion” provides abundant inspirations in the research of Chinese poetics from the view of world literature.