“今之韩愈”的负累———欧阳修晚年的角色自觉与书写策略

The Burden of ＂Han Yu of Our Period＂：Ouyang Xiu s Role Awareness and Writing Strategy in His Late Years

欧阳修晚年自述性质的«集古录目序»«归田录序»«六一居士传»均采用“对问体”形式,并呈现出个性化的特征,这源于他晚年独特的位置感和所承受的舆论压力。伴随着北宋中期儒学复兴、古文运动和政治革新的推进,作为其中坚力量的欧阳修被时人许为道统兼文统上的“今之韩愈”,他正是凭借这崇高的声望出任副相的。然而得位行道的角色期望愈益构成他晚年生命中的重负和羁束,并催生出他内向的自讼意识。同时欧阳修极为关注舆论的动向,在公私文翰中多有自律他律化的表达,对自身行为的反思常以顾忌他人言语为前提。欧阳修对于身处盛名之下、舆论中心的自觉是理解其晚年心态及创作的一个关键因素。

The autobiographical articles Ji Gu Mu Lu Xu , Gui Tian Lu Xu , Liuyi Jushi Zhuan , which were finished in Ouyang Xiu s late year, are all in the form of “Dui Wen Ti” and mostly presented personalized feature. It originated from his unique sense of position, as well as pressure from the media. With the promotion of the revival of Confucianism, the prose movement and the political reform in the North Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, the backbone of the rebellion in the Northern Song Dynasty, was regarded as the “Han Yu of the Period” in both canonical tradition and literary tradition. Relying on this noble and comprehensive prestige, he became the deputy prime minister. However, the role expectation to perform moral principals at the vested position became his heavy load and tight restraint in his late life day by day, which initiated introvert intropunitive consciousness. At the same time, Ouyang Xiu paid close attention to the trend of media. Frequently, he wrote his public documents and private creations in a heteronomous self-disciplined way and introspected himself based on other people s views. The consciousness under a high reputation and in the center of public opinion is a key factor to understand Ouyang Xiu s psychology and creation in his late life.