钙泄漏发生机制及其与心房颤动作用关系的研究进展

Mechanism of calcium leak and its relationship with atrial fibrillation: research progress

钙离子作为一种普遍存在的信使参与了各种细胞的病理生理过程。钙信号与心肌细胞的收缩性和兴奋性相关,心房肌细胞钙稳态异常是心房颤动发生的重要机制之一,肌浆网钙通道2型雷尼丁受体(ryanodine receptor2,Ry R2)稳定性下降导致的钙泄漏是钙稳态异常的重要原因。钙泄漏包括钙火花、钙波,可引发异常除极活动甚至动作电位,在心房病理改变基质的基础上诱发心房颤动。本文主要总结了钙泄漏的表现形式、影响因素及其在心房颤动发生和发展中的作用。

Calcium as a ubiquitous messenger participates in the pathophysiology progresses of various cells. Synchronized calcium signaling transduction is related to normal cardiac myocyte excitation-contraction coupling and beating rhythm. Calcium homeostasis abnormality in atrial myocyte is an important influencing mechanism of atrial fibrillation（AF）, and it is mostly resulted from calcium leak caused by destabilization of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel ryanodine receptor 2（Ry R2）. Calcium leaks, including calcium sparks and calcium waves, can trigger extra depolarization and even action potential, and cause AF on the basis of atrial pathology altering matrices. In this review, we summarized the manifestations and influencing factors of calcium leak, and its potential role in the development and progress of AF.