小学课堂师生互动研究——基于课堂视频分析方法的探讨

Study on Teacher-Student Interaction in Primary Classroom——Based on Class Video Analysis Method

学生和教师相互交流、共同发展的过程是学校教育情境中师生互动的最基本的形式。注重师生之间的关系,构建有效的师生互动方式,能够促进学生和教师的共同成长。研究以石河子市Y小学作为研究对象,采用访谈和视频录像分析相结合的方法,分析小学课堂师生互动的成效。从研究收集到的18节语文、数学课录像发现:教师提问与学生回答频次相当;数学课教师提问频次多于语文课教师;学生回答问题的积极性高;新手教师以讲述为主,专家型教师多进行课堂互动;小学课堂互动以师个互动为主,并且随年级的升高呈现递减趋势。由此提出增强教师的研究意识、改善教学环境、评价方式多样化等提高课堂师生互动有效性的建议,为小学课堂师生互动的理论研究与实践提供参考。

The process of mutual communication and development between students and teachers is the most basic form of education.Paying attention to the relationship between teachers and students and construct an effective teacher-student interaction can promote the mutual growth of students and teachers.The study took Y elementary school in Shihezi City as the research object,and used interviews and video analysis to combine the methods.The language and mathematics teachers in Y primary school were the subjects of the interview,combined with the collection of recorded 18 language classes,mathematics normal classes,the author analyzed effectiveness of teacher-student classroom interaction,and put forward reasonable advice for teacher-student classroom interaction,which provides a reference for the theoretical research and practical exploration of teacher-student interaction in the primary classroom.The results of the study are：The frequency of teacher questioning and student answering is quite the same; The frequency of mathematics teacher questioning is higher than that of language teacher＇s; Students are highly motivated to answer questions; The novice teacher focuses on the lectures,and the expert teachers perform more classroom interaction; Classroom interaction in primary school is mainly teacher-interaction,and it shows declining trend as grades increase.