山地民族地区城镇化模式与人口转移路径研究——以重庆市渝东南地区为例

Research on the Path of Urbanization Model and Demographic Transfer in Mountainous Multi-Ethnic Areas——The Case Study of the Southeastern District of Chongqing

在"以人为本"的新型城镇化语境下,传统城镇化分析框架与沿海经验并不能有效适用于山地民族地区的城镇化问题。有必要从"人的视角"出发,重新审视其城镇化的特征与机制。本文以重庆渝东南地区为例,通过实地调研与问卷访谈,以"人的城镇化"为主线,对其人口城镇化特征与机制进行了深入分析。研究发现,在山地民族地区特殊的经济社会、人口流动背景下,其人口流动具有"乡村老龄人口广泛兼业、非制造业带动城镇就业、公共服务集聚非就业性人群"等重要特征,进而形成了面向不同人口来源的、不同于沿海经验的复合型人口城镇化模式。在此基础上,研究对渝东南未来城镇化趋势进行判断,并对未来城镇化进程中的人口转移路线进行了模拟,继而提出了相应的人口城镇化政策建议。

Under the new-pattern urbanization＇s influence which is based on people-oriented,urbanization model of mountainous multi-ethnic area could not be explained effectively by applying the traditional analysis frame from eastern area of China.It is necessary to review the characters and mechanism of urbanization in the area from people＇s perspective.This paper is to deliberate the characters and mechanism of urbanization in southeast of Chongqing through field research and questionnaire research from people＇s perspective.The research indicates that demographic transfer in mountainous multi-ethnic area shows several unique characters：elders from village working in cities and villages simultaneously,non-manufacturing promoting employment,and public services agglomerating population.Further,the transfer forms the comprehensive urbanization model which faces different population resource and differs from the coastal areas＇ experiences.Also,this paper estimates the tendency of urbanization in southeast Chongqing based on former analysis,stimulates the path of demographic transfer,and proposes politic advices.Hence,this paper is to stimulate and draw different possibilities of path of urbanization of rural population in southeast of Chongqing in order to propose corresponding policy advices based on the tendency of urbanization in the area.