脑氧饱和度监测在小儿麻醉中的应用进展

The progress of cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring in pediatric anesthesia

脑氧饱和度监测是利用近红外光谱技术测量脑组织氧供给和氧需求平衡状态的一种新型的无创监测方法 ,具有灵敏度和特异度高等特性,能够及早发现所测定脑区的氧供需平衡状况。小儿患者脑氧平衡更容易被打破,而局部脑氧饱和度的降低与术后神经并发症的发生有关。脑氧饱和度的实时监测能够为小儿患者围术期麻醉管理提供指导和帮助,有利于麻醉计划的调整,指导术中用药,降低围术期相关并发症的发生。现对局部脑氧饱和度监测的原理、影响因素及其在小儿麻醉中的应用进展作一综述。

Cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring is a novel and non-invasive method which uses near infrared spectroscopy to measure the oxygen supply and oxygen demand balance of brain tissue. It has the characteristics of high sensitivity and specificity,and can detect the balance of oxygen supply and demand in the brain area in an timely manner. Cerebral oxygen balance is easier to be broken in pediatric patients,and the decrease of regional cerebral oxygen saturation is related to the occurrence of postoperative neurological complications.The real-time monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturation can guide and assist perioperative anesthesia management of pediatric patients,which is beneficial to the adjustment of anesthesia plan,can guide the use of drugs,and reduce the incidence of perioperative complications. In this paper,the principle and influencing factors of regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring and its applications in pediatric anesthesia are reviewed.