脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚基三阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂的合成工艺优化

Optimization of synthesis technology of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether tri-cationic quaternary ammonium salt surfactant

以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、金属钠、环氧氯丙烷、五甲基二乙烯三胺为原料合成目标产物脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚基三阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂。以产率为依据对该合成工艺进行优化。研究结果表明,其较佳工艺为:合成中间产物的条件是40℃时反应3h;中间体开环条件是100℃下反应1h,1mol中间体中盐酸的加入量为8mL;合成最终产品的条件是在接近回流温度时在开环后的中间产物中滴加五甲基二乙烯三铵,溶剂为正丁醇,然后升温至正丁醇的沸点温度,搅拌回流48h。

Fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether based quaternary ammonium salt surfactant was synthesized from fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether,sodium metal,epichlorohydrin and pentamethyl erythrene tribasic ammonium as raw materials.The synthesis process was optimized based on yield.The research results shows that the better process is listed as followed.The conditions for the synthesis of intermediate products is 40℃and the reaction time is three hours.The opening conditions of intermediates is under 100 ℃for 1 hour.The amount of hydrochloric acid in 1 mol intermediate is 8 mL.The condition of final product preparation is to add pentamethyl erythrene tribasic ammonium in the middle of the product approaching reflux temperature with n-butanol as solvent,and then heat to the boiling point temperature of n-butanol,stirring for 48 h.