基于感知模拟的语篇融通隐喻研究

A Study of Integrated Metaphor in Discourse from the Perspective of Perceptual Simulation Theory

概念隐喻在某些情况下借助于概念语法隐喻这一界面在词汇语法层得以表征,即语篇中存在着概念隐喻与概念语法隐喻的融通体。本文通过对奥巴马Wakefield中学开学演讲中"物体隐喻"和名词化概念语法隐喻的融通,"具体行为隐喻"和名词化、形容词化概念语法隐喻的融通,"人体部位转喻"和动词化概念语法隐喻的融通等三种典型的融通隐喻的分析发现,概念隐喻和概念语法隐喻可以融通是因为它们都把隐喻看成人类语言构建社会的一种工作机制,都是基于人类经验的认知重构。概念隐喻维度聚焦于隐喻的认知机制,而语法隐喻聚焦于隐喻的表达形式,二者通过隐喻识解过程中的感知模拟,在语篇中融合贯通,共同作用于语篇的遣词造句和语篇主题意义的构建。

Under certain circumstances conceptual metaphor is realized at the lexicogrammatical level through the interface of ideational grammatical metaphor, that is, there exists integrated form of conceptual metaphor and ideational grammatical metaphor in discourse. By analyzing the three most typical types of integration of conceptual metaphor and ideational grammatical metaphor in the speech made by American ex-president Obama to American schoolchildren in Wakefield High School： the integration of＂object metaphor＂ and nominalization, the integration of ＂concrete act metaphor＂ and nominalization or adjectivization, the integration of ＂human body metonymy＂ and verbalization, this paper shows that conceptual metaphor and grammatical metaphor can be integrated because they all regard metaphor as a working mechanism for human language to build society, which is based on the cognitive reconstruction of human experience. The dimension of conceptual metaphor focuses on the cognitive mechanism of metaphor, while that of grammatical metaphor focuses on the form of metaphor. The two are integrated in discourse through perceptual simulation in the process of metaphorical understanding, so that they together act on the choice of diction and the construction of textual meaning in discourse.