圆柱形简易爆炸装置破坏特性数值仿真研究

Numerical Simulation on the Damage Characteristics of Cylindrical Improvised Explosive Device

为有效分析简易爆炸装置在炸药爆炸作用下的破坏特性,采用AUTODYN 3D非线性有限元程序对圆柱形简易爆炸装置的破坏特性开展数值研究,并采用Mott随机失效模型模拟装置爆炸所形成的随机破片。基于数值分析结果,重点讨论炸药种类、起爆点位置和容器结构等因素对装置破坏特性和破片飞散规律的影响。研究结果表明:AUTODYN 3D非线性有限元程序和Mott随机失效模型可有效再现简易爆炸装置所形成的随机破片形貌,有利于分析其破坏特性;装置在更高威力炸药的爆炸作用下形成体积更小的破片,并伴随有更大的飞散半径;中心起爆易形成形状较规整、沿周向分布较规律的破片,而端点起爆所形成的破片尺寸的随机性更大,常会出现较大尺寸破片。借助于数值仿真,可为此类爆炸案的现场勘验、重建和侦破提供技术依据。

In order to effectively analyze the damage characteristics of improvised explosive devices（ IEDs） under explosive detonation,a numerical study was carried out using the AUTODYN 3 D nonlinear finite element program with the Mott＇s stochastic failure model to investigate the failure characteristics and random fragment of cylindrical IEDs. Based on the numerical results, theinfluences of the type of explosive,the location of the detonation and the structure of the vessel on the damage characteristics of the device and the scattering rules of the fragments were discussed. The results show that the AUTODYN 3 D code and the Mott ＇s stochastic failure model can effectively reproduce the random fragment morphology of IEDs, which is helpful to analyze the failure characteristics. The device forms smaller fragments with a larger radius of scatting under the explosive action of a higher explosive. It is easier to form fragments with more regular shape and more regular distribution along the circumferential direction at center detonation,and form fragments with more large size at end-point detonation. Numerical simulation can provide a technical basis for scene investigation,reconstruction and detection of such explosion cases of IEDs.