大型储罐池火特性实验研究

Experimental Study on Large Storage Tanks Pool Fire Characteristics

为了更好的进行储罐区消防设计及消防救援,对大型储罐池火燃烧特性进行实验研究。通过设计大型储罐池火实验,利用高清摄像机进行摄像并利用软件进行分析,得出:对于油品表面敞开的池火灾,池火初始蔓延速率和方向由初始油气浓度决定,蔓延方向为油气浓度高的方向;同一油品液面池火,火焰蔓延速率先增加后减小;风使火焰蔓延速率的增加速率变大;同等情况下,柴油的蔓延速率小于汽油的蔓延速率;对于油品表面覆盖有厚层连续泡沫的池火灾,池火会向下风向蔓延,蔓延速率会先增大后减小。风对火焰脉动频率的影响不大;随着储罐直径的增加,火焰脉动频率减小。在储罐直径不变的情况下,有风时火焰长度要小于无风时火焰长度。

In order to better carry out the fire design and fire rescue in the tank area,the experimental study on the combustion characteristics of large storage tanks is carried out. Through designing large storage tank fire experiments,recording and analyzing detailed experimental data using the software,it is concluded： spread direction and rate are determined by initial gas concentration for the pool that is open,the spread direction of large oil tank pool fire flame is the direction of high vapor concentration; in the same type oil pool fire,flame spread rate increases first and then decreases; the wind makes the increase rate of flame spread rate larger; under the same condition,the spread rate of diesel is less than the spread rate of gasoline. For pool that has thick and consecutive foam,pool fire will spread downwind,flame spread rate increases first and then decreases. The wind has little effect on the flame puffing frequency; with the increase of storage tank diameter,the flame puffing frequency decreases. When the tank diameter keeps same,the flame length considering the wind is smaller than the flame length not considering the wind.