年降雨特征对泥炭沼泽湿地水文情势的影响

Influence of Annual Rainfall Characteristics on the Hydrological Regime of Peat Marsh Wetland

本文根据2011-2014年对吉林省龙湾国家森林保护区内的金川泥炭沼泽湿地水位动态的观测结果,分析了枯水、平水和丰水年不同降雨强度下湿地水位变化及其特点,并利用分布式物理水文模型MIKE SHE模拟了该湿地水文情势空间分布的基本状况。结果表明,年降雨量在该湿地水位变化中起主导作用,当年湿地水位在一定程度上受前一年降水量影响;边界条件也是影响湿地水位的主要因素;年内降雨的时间分异和微地形对湿地水文情势的作用更明显,依据年内降水分布的时间格局评价湿地水文情势可能更为有效和准确。

Based on the observation results of water level dynamics in Jinchuan peat swamp wetland in LongwanNational Forest Reserve of Jilin Province from 2011 to 2014, the changes and characteristics of wetland waterlevel under different rainfall intensity in dry, normal and abundant periods were analyzed in this paper. The spa-tial distribution of hydrological regime in this wetland was simulated by using the distributed physically-basedhydrological model MIKE SHE. The results show that the annual rainfall plays a leading role in the variation ofthe wetland water level. The current wetland water level is affected to some extents by the precipitation in theprevious year and by the boundary conditions as a main factor. The effect of rainfall＇s temporal differentiationand microtopography on wetland hydrological regime is more obvious. It is thought to be more effective and accu-rate to evaluate wetland hydrological regime according to the temporal distribution pattern of precipitation in theyear.