中澳两国财险公司效率研究——基于31家公司的数据

Research on the Efficiency of China and Australia Non-life Insurance Companies——Based on the Data of 31 Companies

本文运用非参数法中的SBM模型和DEA窗口分析度量了中澳两国31家财险公司在2011—2015年间技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的变化,实证结果表明:2011—2013年中国财险公司的技术效率低于澳大利亚财险公司,2014年,中国财险公司各项效率均值呈现总体上涨势头,并在2015年反超澳大利亚。虽然我国财险公司在规模效率方面表现良好,但我国财险行业发展仍不完善,财险公司个体技术差距较大、经营管理技术不能在市场中有效流通且缺乏淘汰机制,需进一步改善。

This paper uses SBM model and DEA-window analysis to measure the changes in technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of 31 non-life insurance companies in both China and Australia between 2011 and 2015. The empirical results show that the efficiency of China＇s non-life insurance companies is much lower than that of Australian companies between 2011 and 2013. However,in 2014,the average efficiency of Chinese companies,especially those of small and medium-sized companies, showed an overall upward trend, and they gradually catch up and surpassed Australian companies in 2015. Although the efficiency of China＇s non-life insurance companies has been greatly improved,the whole insurance industry in China is still not well developed. The market mechanism cannot effectively eliminate companies with low technical efficiency,which results in an increasing gap between different individual companies,indicating technology cannot be effectively diffused in the market as well. This paper also finds that most of China＇s companies performed well in terms of scale efficiency. Old Chinese non-life insurance companies such as PICC Insurance,China Pacific Insurance, and Ping An Insurance companies are in the stage of diminishing return to scale due to overexpansion and they should appropriately reduce the size. However,Taiping Insurance,Huatai Insurance,Yongcheng insurance,Ansheng Tianping Insurance,and Yinda Taihe Insurance companies are in the stage of increasing return to scale in most years and they should appropriately expand the size.