剑川方言中古日母的清擦化演变及其成因探析

A Preliminary Study on the Evolution and Causes for the Voiceless Fricative Middle Ancient Chinese RI Initials in Jianchuan Dialect

中古日母在今剑川方言中读清擦音s母,这相对于汉语绝大多数方言读浊擦音?/z母的情况来看,它显然发生了清擦化的演变。浊音清化、日母在音系中的孤立性及其不稳定性,决定了日母在音系中的易变性,这是其产生清擦化演变的内因;白族在剑川为占绝对多数的世居民族,白语剑川方言音系中没有浊擦音?/z母,但有清擦音s母,其极易影响并促使当地的汉语音系向其靠拢趋同,这是剑川方言中古日母产生清擦化演变的外在根本原因。

In Jianchuan dialect, the middle ancient Chinese RI initials are voiceless fricative. Compared to the voiced fricative z/zinitials in most Chinese dialects, it clearly has evolved toward voicelessness. The internal cause for this evolution is that the devoicing of the voiced sounds and the isolation and instability of RI initials in the sound system determines the changeability of RI initials. The essential external cause for the evolution is that Bai people has long been the majority of the ethnic groups in Jianchuan, and there is no voiced z/z initials but voiceless s initials in Jianchuan Bai language, which has made the local Chinese phonology align with it.