新闻侵害名誉权案件中的证明责任

Research on the Burden of Proof in the News Media Defamation Lawsuits

以两个判决路径截然相反的案例为切入点,在区分证明责任两层含义的基础上,紧密结合理论学术界和司法实务界的相关理论和裁判情况,对于新闻侵害名誉权案件中证明责任分配由争议阶段到清晰阶段进行梳理,反驳相关理论,提出解决路径。通过对案例的抽象性改造,引出当被侵权人为公众人物时,证明责任该如何分配。由案例层面上升到理论层面,提出新闻侵害名誉权案件中新闻自由与公众人物名誉权之间的冲突问题,并试图加以平衡。

The two diametrically opposed cases can be seen as the starting point,and on the basis of distinguishing the two meanings of the liability of proof,the author tries to refute the relevant theories and proposes a solution path.Then,through the abstract transformation of the cases,the author elicits the proof of how responsibility should be assigned when the infringed person was a public figure. From the theoretical level,the author raises the issue of conflicts between the press freedom and the reputation rights of public figures,trying to get a balance.