磺胺类药物滥用诱导宿主精神行为学变化及其机制探讨

Study on the Change of Mental Behavior Induced by Sulfonamides and Its Mechanism

磺胺类药物(sulfonamides,SAs)广泛应用于预防和治疗食源性动物疾病,同时也用于人类疾病的治疗。SAs的滥用导致其大量残留在食物及环境中,最终进入人体内,损害人体健康。SAs不合理使用首先导致环境危害,进一步危害人群健康,其具有的神经毒性可诱导宿主行为学改变。作者概述了SAs的滥用导致环境和食品污染的现状及其对人体的一般危害,如血液系统损害、肝肾毒性等,着重介绍了SAs暴露诱导宿主精神行为学变化,包括焦虑、抑郁和认知障碍的发生,并对其相关机制——墨蝶呤还原酶、mTOR信号和碳酸酐酶3种途径进行了探讨。

Sulfonamides（SAs）are widely used in the prevention and treatment of foodborne animal diseases,and also for the treatment of human diseases.The abuse of sulfonamides can lead to a large number of residues in food and the environment,and ultimately enter into human body,causing damage of human health.The unreasonable use of SAs first leads to environmental hazards and further harms people＇s health,especially with neurotoxicity that induced host behavioral changes.This article summarized the current status of environmental and food contamination by SAs abuse,and its general damage such as blood system damage,liver and kidney toxicity.Emphasis is placed on the effects of SAs exposure on host psycho-behavioral changes including anxiety,depression and cognitive impairment.In addition,we discussed the related mechanisms such as sepiapterin reductase,mTOR signal and carbonic anhydrase.