枯草芽孢杆菌显著改善鸭舍内生态环境质量

Bacillus subtilis Significantly Improving the Duck House Environment

良好的畜禽舍环境是保障畜禽健康,充分发挥其生产性能的必要条件。本试验旨在研究日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对鸭舍内有害气体含量、微生物数量等空气质量的影响。选取2周龄樱桃谷肉鸭随机分为3组,每组隔为一个独立区域,每组内隔成4个独立小栏,每个小栏50只,分别饲喂基础日粮、添加枯草芽孢杆菌和复合芽孢杆菌的日粮。结果表明,与对照组相比,日粮中分别添加枯草芽孢杆菌和复合芽孢杆菌:(1)舍内NH_3含量分别降低7.19%、6.24%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);各组H_2S含量均小于1.52 mg/m^3,差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)舍内细菌总数分别降低36.57%、33.66%,大肠杆菌数降低29.02%、26.86%,"沙门+志贺"氏菌数降低39.47%、44.74%,金黄色葡萄球菌数降低29.79%、25.96%,均差异极显著(P<0.01);真菌总数分别降低6.36%、7.27%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果提示,日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可一定程度上降低舍内NH3浓度,显著降低舍内微生物数量,改善舍内生态环境质量,从而减少对鸭健康的威胁,提高生产性能。

Good environment of animal house is the guarantee of animal health, and also a necessary condition to give animal performance into full play. The main objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of the Bacillus subtilis on the air quality, including the concentration of harmful gases and microorganism in duck house. Cherry valley duck at the age of 2 weeks were randomly divided into 3 independent groups, every group had 4 independent replications, and each replication included 50 ducks. Ducks were fed with a basal diet （control group）, a basal diet supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and supplemented with composite Bacillus , respectively. The results showed that compared to the control group, the ducks supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and composite Bacillus ： （1） the concentration of NH 3 were reduced by 7.19%（ P 〉0.05） and 6.24% （ P 〉0.05） respectively; the concentration of H2S were all less than 1.52 mg/m 3 in each groups in the slatted floor-biobedding system. （2） The amounts of total airborne bacteria were decreased by 36.57% （ P 〈0.01） and 33.66% （ P 〈0.01）, Escherichia coli decreased by 29.02% （ P 〈0.01） and 26.86% （ P 〈0.01）, “ Salmonella＋Shigella ” decreased by 39.47% （ P 〈0.01） and 44.74% （ P 〈0.01）, Staphylococcus aureus decreased by 29.79% （ P 〈0.01） and 25.96% （ P 〈 0.01 ）, the total fungi decreased by 6.36% （ P 〉0.05） and 7.27% （ P 〉0.05）, respectively. The results indicated that dietary supplement of Bacillus subtilis could reduce the concentration of NH 3 to a certain extent, and significantly decreased the amounts of microorganism, and then, improve the duck house environment and lessen the potential threats of duck health to promote duck production performances.