体质指数异常对体质健康标准指标的影响分析

The Influence of Abnormal BMI on Physical Health Standards

运用文献资料法、数理统计等方法对贵州医科大学2016级4166名学生的体质指数和体质健康标准指标进行相关性分析,并将BMI值异常学生的各项体质健康指标与正常学生进行对比分析。研究结果显示:(1)男女大学生的BMI值与除坐位体前屈以外的肺活量、肺活量体重指数、1000m、800m、立定跳远、引体向上、仰卧起坐、50m跑指标之间均存在着显著相关性;(2)BMI值正常学生与异常学生的各项体质健康指标之间均存在着显著性差异;(3)肺活量与BMI值成正相关,与肺活量体重指数成负相关,肺活量随BMI值的增大而增大,但单位体重对应的肺活量随BMI值的增大而减小;(4)当BMI值超出正常范围后,男女大学生的有氧耐力、快速移动、爆发力能力、男大学生的上肢肌肉力量耐力、女大学生的腹部肌群耐力都会随着BMI值的增大而下降,同时BMI值低于正常值也会对身体机能和素质产生一定的影响;(5)男女大学生坐位体前屈的成绩均呈BMI值正常组最大、超重次之、低体重第三、肥胖最差的规律。

The physical fitness index and physical health standards of 4166 students in Guizhou Medical University are analyzed by means of literature data and mathematical statistics. The physical health indexes of abnormal BMI students are compared with those of normal students.The results show that： 1） there are significant correlations between the BMI of male and female college students and the vital capacity, vital capacity index, 1000 m, 800 m, standing long jump, pull up, sit-ups and 50 m; 2） BMI value of normal students and abnormal students of the physical health between the indicators there are significant differences; 3） the vital capacity is positively correlated with the BMI value, which is negatively correlated with the BMI of the lung volume. The vital capacity increased with the increase of BMI, but the vital capacity corresponding to the body weight decreased with the increase of BMI; 4） when the BMI value exceeds the normal range, the aerobic endurance, rapid movement and explosive ability of male and female college students, the upper and lower limb muscle endurance of male college students, and the endurance of female students in abdominal muscles decreased with the increase of BMI value BMI values below normal will also have a certain impact on the body function and quality; 5） male and female college students sitting flexion scores are BMI value of the normal group of the largest, overweight, low weight third, the worst rule of obesity.