以彰显世界文化遗产价值为导向的名城保护规划与发展——以集安市为例

The Conservation Plan and Development of Historic City Guided by Manifestation of the World Cultural Heritage Value——A Case Study of Ji'an

集安是世界文化遗产高句丽王城、王陵与贵族墓葬所在地之一,也是国家级历史文化名城。以世界文化遗产为主体的集安文物古迹价值高、数量多、范围广,且与城乡建设与发展的空间密切交织在一起,因此保护与发展的问题格外突出。集安历史文化名城保护规划在全面认识世界文化遗产的构成与特征的基础上,以遗产价值为导向,深入研究城市与山水环境和文化遗产的历史景观联系,结合当前面临的问题,提出合理引导城市发展方向,疏解老城区功能;延续历史格局,创造富有特色的城市空间形态;还应对遗产范围涉及的各个村落采取分类指引。这样可以使文化遗产成为城乡发展的有利资源,将被动隔离转变为主动融合,既能完整展现世界文化遗产的价值,又能形成优美的景观风貌,实现保护与发展的良性互动。

Ji＇an is one of the sites of world cultural heritage Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom, It is also a national historic city, The world cultural heritage and other relics in Ji＇an are of high value, large quantity and wide range. They are closely intertvdned with the city and the country. So Ji＇an is face with the serious problems of protection and development. On the basis of comprehensively comprehending the constitution and characteristics of the world cultural heritage, the conservation plan of Ji＇an historic city takes the heritage value as the guide, deeply studies the historical landscape rdationship among the city, geographic environment and cultural heritages. Combining with current problems, the plan suggeststhat first, it is necessary to guide the development direction of the city and ease the function of the old city; second, the city should continue the historical pattern and create the distinctive urban spatial form; third, make a categorized guideline for villages involved in the heritage area. Therefore, the heritages could become the favorable resource of urban and rural devdopment, and passive isolation would be transformed into active integration. In conclusion, the plan fully displays both the value of the world cultural heritage and the beautiful landscape, and achieves positive interaction between protection and development.