痛经女医学生抑郁状况分析

To analysis the depressive state in female medical students with dysmenorrhea

目的分析痛经女医学生心理状况,并统计心理状况的影响因素及主次关系。方法采用分层整群抽样法选取女医学生236例,按有无痛经症状分为痛经组和健康组,使用抑郁自评量表(Skelf-Rating depression scale,SDS)评估两组心理状况。同时使用单因素方差分析及多元线性回归统计对痛经组SDS分数的影响因素进行分析。结果痛经组SDS分数为(57.38±10.19)分,健康组SDS分数为(37.34±10.19)分。两组SDS分数之间差异有统计学意义(t=5.41,P=0.0057),痛经组SDS分数高于健康组。痛经组中,无抑郁心理有45例(38.4%);轻度抑郁心理有47例(40.2%);中度抑郁心理有18例(15.4%);重度抑郁心理有7例(6.0%)。SDS分数影响因素多元线性回归方程:SDS分数=577.26-19.33×治疗-17.24×睡眠时间+14.15×辛辣饮食+11.45×学历层次-8.77×锻炼(P<0.05)。结论 61.6%的痛经女医学生处于抑郁状态。应对原籍地为城市、硕士和博士学位、大于25岁、身体瘦弱患者进行干预,少食用辛辣的食品及零食,对有抑郁者给予心理疏导,鼓励患者养成锻炼习惯,保证每日睡眠至少6 h以上,同时融洽同学关系,通过上述干预方法提高痛经女医学生心理健康水平。

Objective To analysis the psychologic status in female medical studentswith dysmenorrheal,the influencing factors on psychologic statusand to analysis the major and minor relationship between that factors. Methods According to the symptoms of dysmenorrhea,the 236 female medical students were divided into dysmenorrhea group and health group. Use the Self-Rating depression scale（ SDS） to assess psychologic status of the two groups. The one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression were adopted to study the influence factors of SDS scores in dysmenorrhea group. Results The SDS score of dysmenorrhea group was（ 57. 38 ± 10. 19） and the SDS score of the health group was（ 37. 34 ± 10. 19）. The difference between the SDS scores of two groups was statistically significant（ P = 0. 00,t = 5. 41）. The SDS score of dysmenorrhea group,higher than the healthgroup. SDS scores of dysmenorrhea group showed that there were 45（ 38. 4%） peoples with free of depression,47 mild depression（ 40. 2%）,18 moderate depression（ 15. 4%）,7 severe depression（ 6. 0%）. The multivariate linear regression equation of the influence factors of SDS score was： SDS SCORE =577. 26-19. 33 × treatment-17. 24 × sleep time ＋ 14. 15 × spicy food ＋ 11. 45 × graduate degrees-8. 77 × physical exercise（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion 61. 6% female medical students with dysmenorrhea were in a state of depression. Intervention should be done to the patients from urban,patients with master and doctoral degree,patients over 25 years of age,thin and weak patients. Patients were required to treat dysmenorrhea,reduce the eating of spicy food and snacks,psychological counseling,develop exercise habits,ensure 6 hours of daily sleep and improve the classmate relationships. By the above intervention method the psychological health level of female medical students with dysmenorrhea can be advanced.