硫酸钙晶须制备及应用研究进展

Progress in the preparation and application of calcium sulfate whiskers

硫酸钙晶须是由石膏矿或工业副产品脱硫石膏制备而得,它是一种形貌完整,长径比大,比表面积大,横截面均匀的亚纳米纤维材料,是一种性能良好的改性剂.但是由于当前制备的硫酸钙晶须产率低,质量差等问题,导致硫酸钙晶须在大范围应用上受到一定的限制.文中着重介绍了硫酸钙晶须的结构形貌特征与形成机理,详细阐述了国内外制备硫酸钙晶须的方法,介绍了常压酸化法、水热合成法、离子交换法、微乳液法等制备工艺的研究进展,分析了不同制备方法的优缺点;同时介绍了硫酸钙晶须在材料改性、环境保护等领域的应用.对深入研究硫酸钙晶须制备及作用机理具有的重要意义,为硫酸钙晶须未来应用以及矿产资源综合回收利用提供了科学性指导.

The calcium sulfate whiskers（CSW）, made from gypsum mine or desulfurized gypsum, are a kind of industrial by-product. They are sub-nanofibrous materials used as the modifying agents, with good shape,large length-diameter ratio, large specific surface area and uniform cross section. Their wide use is limited by their low yield and poor quality. Their morphology and formation mechanism were focused first in the paper.Following it was the summary of their preparation methods at home and abroad. The research progress of preparation technologies such as atmospheric acidification, hydrothermal synthesis, ion exchange and micro-emulsion were introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages were both analyzed. Finally, their application in the field of material modification and environmental protection was discussed. This paper has an important influence on the further study of the preparation method and formation mechanism of CSW and can provide scientific guidance for its application in the future and comprehensive recycling of mineral resources.