面向数控机床智能化的滚珠丝杠副研究进展

Research progress of ball screw oriented to CNC machine tool

随着数控机床智能化的发展,滚珠丝杠副已是高性能数控机床不可或缺的功能部件。直线进给是数控机床最主要的进给形式之一,滚珠丝杠副作为普遍应用的直线进给机构,具有传动效率高、磨损小、寿命长及自锁特性等优点。文章围绕机床数控技术的发展阶段,分析了数控机床向智能化方向发展的现状,从滚珠丝杠副的典型失效形式及表现、多种失效检测方法、智能维护以及误差补偿等方面综述了滚珠丝杠副的研究进展,并展望滚珠丝杠副的多元化发展方向。

With the development of intellectualization of CNC machine tools,ball screws pair is an indispensable part of high-performance CNC machine tools. Linear feed is one of the most important feed forms for CNC machine tools. As a linear feed mechanism, ball screw pairs have many advantages,such as high transmission efficiency,small wear,long life and self locking. Focusing on the development stage of machine tool numerical control technology, this paper analyzes the development trend of CNC machine tools in the direction of intelligence. The progress of ball screw pair is reviewed from the aspects of failure form and performance,failure detection method,intelligent maintenance and error compensation,and the diversified development direction of ball screw pair is prospected.