面向维修训练的航空电子装备故障建模与仿真

Fault modeling and simulation for avionics maintenance training

针对航空电子装备维修训练系统中故障设置与故障重现问题,提出了一种逆故障树仿真模型。首先确定故障仿真要解决的核心问题:建立从故障源到故障现象的映射关系,然后运用故障树分析理论,在深入分析装备故障机理的基础上建立故障树,最后由故障树的底事件开始,以逆向推理的方式建立逆故障树仿真模型。通过半实物仿真实现以及在实际排故训练中的应用,表明该仿真模型能与真实装备故障形成机理吻合,仿真重现的故障现象与实装一致,对实现同类维修训练系统有一定理论和实际意义。

An adverse fault tree model（AFTM）was proposed to solve the problem of fault settings and fault recurrence in avionics maintenance training system. Firstly,the key function was defined to establish mapping from fault location to fault phenomena. Then the theory of fault tree analysis（FTA）was used to analyze fault mechanism of avionics. Finally,beginning at bottom event of fault tree,AFTM was established by backward inference. A hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for avionics maintenance training was realized based on AFTM. The practical application showed that the proposed model fitted close to fault mechanism of real equipment,and the recurring fault phenomena were accordant with real equipment. The result of this research had not only theoretical but also practical significance in design of maintenance training system.