摘要
糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病常见的眼部并发症,严重损害患者视力。由于DR发病机制仍未完全阐明,使得其防治仍然任重而道远。实验动物模型在DR的发病机制和防治研究中必不可少。目前这些动物模型涉及了哺乳类和非哺乳类等多个物种,造模方法也包含了化学药物注射、高糖饮食喂养、基因编辑技术、体外全视网膜培养等。目前糖尿病鼠类模型应用最为广泛,但它仅适用于DR早期的病变研究,仍缺少可以完美模拟增生性DR(PDR)的动物模型。未来研究的重点应该是阐明早期DR的发病机制,进而找到如何防止早期非增生性DR(NPDR)过渡到PDR的策略。在选取DR动物模型时,应当考虑各自的特点,并结合自己的实验设计和目的选取合适的动物模型。
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes,and remains the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals all over the world. Current treatments for DR mainly focus on the advanced stages of the disease and are associated with significant adverse effects. As the pathogenesis of DR is not thoroughly revealed, the development of more efl'ective therapy of DR is challenging,in which a good DR animal model is essential. At present, these animal models involve mammals, non-mammals and other species. The modeling methods also include chemical injection, high glucose diet, genetic engineering and ex vivo retinal explant cultures. Although most of the models discussed, especially the rodent models, have demonstrated the basic features of NPDR, the key feature of human PDR (pre-retinal neovascularization secondary to diabetes per se) is not recapitulated in any diabetic animal models. Therefore, choosing the appropriate DR animal model according to the purpose of research will be very important in understanding development of the disease and new approaches that prevent or delay the onset of DR.
作者
陈大年
王钰娇
Chen Danian;Wang Yujiao(Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision SeieTwes,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Lvnenfeld-Ta Nenbaum Research Institute,Sinai Health System,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science,and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology,Vniversity of Toronto,Toronto MSGIX5 ontario,Canada)
出处
《中华实验眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期404-409,共6页
Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81371022、81570860)