上海市枫林社区老年女性骨质疏松性椎体骨折危险因素研究

Study of risk factors for osteoporotic vertebral fractures in the elderly women in Fenglin Community, Shanghai

目的:了解老年女性骨质疏松性椎体骨折的危险因素。方法:选择2015年1月—2017年12月收治的>60岁的骨质疏松症女性患者200例,按照是否有骨质疏松性椎体骨折分为骨折组100例和无骨折组100例。两组均发放统一调查表现场填写,分析骨质疏松性椎体骨折的危险因素。结果:共发放问卷200份,收回有效问卷200份,有效回收率100%。与骨折相关的危险因素有年龄、体重指数、脆性骨折史、钙摄入、维生素D摄入、体育锻炼、日照时间、骨密度及防跌倒措施(P<0.05);骨折与有无骨折家族史无关(P>0.05)。结论:预防衰老、适量的体育运动、增加日照时间、钙和维生素D基础补充及加强预防跌倒的宣教及措施有利于预防及降低老年女性骨质疏松性椎体骨折发生率。

Objective： To understand risk factors of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in the elderly women. Methods： From January 2015 to December 2017, 200 cases of osteoporosis in the women older than 60 years were selected, and according to whether there were osteoporotic vertebral fractures, they were divided into a fracture group with 100 cases and a non fracture group with 100 cases. Both groups were issued the unified questionnaire to fill in the field to analyze the risk factors for osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Results： A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, 200 valid questionnaires were retrieved, and the effective recovery rate was 100%. The risk factors related to fractures included age, body mass index, history of fragility fractures, calcium intake, vitamin D intake, physical exercise, sunshine duration, bone density and fall prevention measures（P0.05）; there was no relationship between bone fracture and family history（P0.05）. Conclusion： Preventing aging, appropriate physical exercise, increasing sunshine hours, supplementing basic calcium and vitamin D and strengthening fall prevention education and measures will help prevent and reduce the incidence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in the elderly women.