耐湿热苦瓜新品种琼3号的选育

A New Heat and Humidity Tolerant Bitter Gourd F_1 Hybrid—‘Qiong No.3'

琼3号是以耐热、果形优美的苦瓜自交系KG09-05为母本,以早熟、综合性状优良的KG02-10-03为父本配制的中熟、丰产、耐湿热苦瓜一代杂种。第1雌花节位为第17~20节,果实短棒状,肩平、尾钝,瓜瘤粗直,瓜长22~30 cm,横径6.5~8.5cm,肉厚1.2~1.4 cm,单瓜质量400~550 g,苦味适中,果肉紧密、耐贮运,裂果少,每667 m^2产量达3 500~4 000 kg,田间抗白粉病和炭疽病的能力强于对照中华1号和琼2号,适合海南地区夏秋季露地和设施大棚种植。

‘Qiong No.3’ is a new bitter gourd F1 hybrid developed by crossing selfing line‘ KG09-05’ as female parent and early maturing‘ KG02-10-03’ with superior comprehensive traits as male parent.It is of medium maturity with high yield and tolerance to heat and humidity.The first female flower sets at the 17-20th knob.Its fruit is of short stick shape with flat shoulder,blunt tail,and thick straight tumor.Its fruit is 22-30 cm in length,6.5-8.5 cm in width,1.2-1.4 cm in flesh thickness.The single fruit weight is 400-550 g .The fruit is tolerant to storage and transportation.Its flesh is tight,dense flesh and tastes a little bitter.The fruits seldom split.It can yield 52.5-60.0 t · hm^-2.In field its resistance to powdery mildew and anthracnose is stronger than that of the contrast‘ Zhonghua No.1’ and‘ Qiong No.2’.It is suitable for cultivation in open fields and under plastic shelter in summer and autumn in Hainan Province.