羟磷灰石在乳腺癌中形成机制的研究进展

Research Progress in Formation Mechanisms of Hydroxyapatite in Breast Cancer

乳腺微钙化灶通常被认为是早期乳腺癌的常见影像学表现之一,若在乳腺浸润性癌中发现微钙化,则是预后不良的征象。从矿化物的组成上来看,目前认为羟磷灰石是这种非触及型乳腺癌微钙化的主要成分,但是其具体的矿化形成机制目前还尚不明确。近年来对羟磷灰石形成机制的相关研究表明,上皮间充质转化以及成骨样细胞与乳腺癌微钙化的形成密切相关。乳腺癌细胞经过上皮间充质转化获得间质特征,进一步分化为成骨样细胞,促进羟磷灰石的形成,从而形成乳腺癌微钙化灶。

Microcalcification of the breast is often considered to be one of the most common imaging manifestations of early breast cancer. If microcalcification is found in breast invasive carcinoma,it is often a sign of poor prognosis. From the composition of the mineralization,it＇ s considered that hydroxyapatite is the main component of the microcalcifications of non-palpable breast cancer,however the specific formation mechanisms remain unclear. Recent related researches of hydroxyapatite forming mechanisms indicated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition and osteoblast cells are closely related to the formation of microcalcification. Breast cancer cells acquire interstitial characteristics through epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and further differentiate into osteoblast cells,which promotes the formation of hydroxyapatite,thereby forming the breast cancer microcalcifications.