干燥综合征的认识简史和分类标准的变迁

A Brief History of Study and Transition of Classification Criteria of Sjgren's Syndrome

干燥综合征并非一种古老的疾病,最初的个案报道记录于19世纪末,至20世纪30年代Henrik Sj9gren首先系统地研究了该病,提出了干燥性角膜结膜炎的术语,并认识到该病是一种系统性疾病。至20世纪六七十年代,陆续发现了干燥综合征患者血清存在特异性自身抗体,同时唇腺活检技术也得以发展,大大提高了干燥综合征的诊断能力。随着对干燥综合征认识的深入,干燥综合征的分类标准也在不断制定,不同的分类标准有不同的侧重点和制定目的,但至今仍没有一个分类标准能作为诊断标准使用,这是由于干燥综合征的疾病本质仍未被完全揭示。干燥综合征的诊断能力的加强有赖于新的诊断技术的发展及对发病机制的深刻理解。

Sjgren＇s syndrome is not a very old disease. The initial case reports were recorded at the end of the nineteenth century. To 1930 s,Henrik Sjgren first systematically studied this disease,and proposed the term ＂ Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca＂,and recognized that the disease is a systemic disease. During 1960 s and 1970 s,some specific autoantibodies in sera of patients with Sjgren＇s syndrome were found and the labial biopsy technique was developed,which greatly improved the diagnostic ability for Sjgren＇s syndrome. With the deepening of the understanding of Sjgren＇s syndrome,new classification criteria are formulated gradually. Different classification criteria have different emphases and purposes,but there is still no classification criteria that can be used as a diagnostic criteria,which is because that the essence of Sjgren＇ s syndrome has not been fully revealed. The improvement of the diagnostic ability of Sjgren＇s syndrome depends on the development of new diagnostic techniques and deeper understanding of the pathogenesis.