脑深部电刺激在神经系统疾病治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

脑深部电刺激(DBS)是通过脑立体定位仪在特定神经核团植入电极,给予低频或高频电刺激来抑制神经元的异常电活动,治疗各种神经精神疾病。与传统手术相比,DBS具有选择性好、靶点明确、无损伤、可调、可逆、手术安全、并发症少等优点。且在神经调节方面具有广阔的应用前景,同时其可辅助传统手术发挥更广泛的作用。近年来,DBS在帕金森病、癫痫、肌张力障碍等各种神经系统疾病的治疗中应用越来越广泛,但其作用机制尚未完全清楚,未来需进一步研究。

Deep brain stimulation（DBS） is an electrode implanted in specific neural nuclei by using brain stereotaxic devices,giving low frequency or high frequency electrical stimulation to suppress abnormal electrical activity of neurons and treating various neuropsychiatric disorders.Compared with traditional surgery,DBS has the characteristics of good selectivity,clear target,non-invasive,adjustable,reversible,safe operation,fewer complications and so on.It has broad application prospects in neuromodulation,and it can assist traditional surgery to play a more extensive role.In recent years,DBS has been widely used in the treatment of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson＇s disease,epilepsy and dysmyotonia,but its mechanism is not completely clear,and further research is needed in the future.