无烟煤/丁苯橡胶复合材料的力学性能研究

Study on mechanical properties of anthracite/SBR rubber composites

以无烟煤为原材料,经酸浸处理后,以硅烷偶联剂、硬脂酸为表面改性剂,在行星式球磨机中进行研磨改性,将改性后的无烟煤填充到丁苯橡胶中制备无烟煤/橡胶复合材料。采用比表面积、粒径、接触角及堆积密度等指标对无烟煤的酸浸和改性效果进行了表征,确定其最佳实验条件为:硫酸浓度为60%、水浴温度60℃、酸浸时间2 h;硅烷湿法改性,改性剂用量2.8%。对无烟煤/丁苯橡胶复合材料的力学性能进行了测试,并探讨了填料的用量、改性剂的类型等因素对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的力学性能得到了明显的改善。本研究为无烟煤在橡胶中的应用提供了有力的数据支持,改变了传统对煤炭资源应用的不合理性,避免环境的污染和资源的浪费,而且还能大幅度降低聚合物基复合材料的成本,是煤洁净高效利用的新途径。

Making anthracite as raw material, after acid leaching treatment, silane coupling agent and stearic acid are used as surface modifiers, grinding and modification are carried out in a planetary ball mill, and the modified anthracite is filled into styrene-butadiene rubber to prepare anthracite/rubber composites. The acid leaching and modification effects of anthracite were tested by using specific surface area, particle size, contact angle and bulk density, and the optimal experimental conditions were as follows： sulfuric acid concentration 60%, bath temperature 60℃, and acid leaching time 2h; modifier dosage 2.8% of silane wet modification. The mechanical properties of anthracite/styrene-butadiene rubber composites were tested, and the effects of the filler amount and modifier type on the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. The results show that the mechanical properties of the composites have been significantly improved. This study provided strong data support for the application of anthracite in rubber, changed the traditional unreasonable application of coal resources, avoided environmental pollution and waste of resources, and also significantly reduced the cost of polymer-based composite materials, which is a new approach to clean and efficient use of coal.