酒精相关胃癌发生的分子机制

Molecular mechanism of alcohol-associated gastric cancer

胃癌是我国高发恶性肿瘤之一,酒精是导致胃癌发病的重要危险因素。酒精在体内通过其代谢关键酶进行生物转化。酒精导致胃癌发生的主要机制包括通过微生物代谢增加乙醛的生成、介导炎症、对RNA聚合酶Ⅲ相关基因的影响、促进致癌物的代谢活化及其DNA加合物的形成和酒精代谢酶的基因多态性等。不同酒精类型和浓度对胃癌发生产生不同影响,该综述就酒精导致胃癌发生的分子生物学机制进行系统阐述。

Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer in China.Alcohol consumption is related to gastric cancer as a significant risk factor.Some key enzymes is expected to influence the alcohol-associated metabolism.There are many molecular mechanisms of alcohol-related gastric cancer,such as generation of acetaldehyde by microbiome,inflammation,up-regulation of Pol Ⅲ genes,carcinogen-DNA adduct formation and genetic polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes.Different types and concentrations of alcohol have different effects on the development of gastric cancer.This review presents a systematic exposition on the molecular mechanism of alcohol-associated gastric cancer.