氨(季铵)基纤维素的合成及应用进展

Progress of Synthesis and Application of Amino (Quaternary Ammonium) Cellulose

氨(季铵)基纤维素因其不同结构具有不同的性质,可量身定制具有不同性能的氨(季铵)基纤维素,使其工业应用不断增长。本文系统概述了氨(季铵)基纤维素合成的策略。包括纤维素对甲苯磺酸酯亲核取代法、卤化纤维素取代法、纤维素环氧化合物开环法、纤维素酰胺酯胺解法、迈克尔加成反应策略、纤维素碳酸酯胺解法等制备季铵纤维素的合成方法。除了结构和合成方面外,还进一步讨论了氨(季铵)基纤维素在基因载体与酶蛋白的固载、药物传递与缓释、消毒杀菌、催化、重金属的吸附与分离等方面的应用,并对以后的氨(季铵)基纤维素研究方向做了展望。

The properties of ammonia（quaternary ammonium） cellulose vary by different structure. It can be tailored to ammonia（quaternary ammonium） based cellulose with different properties which can promote industrial development. This article reviews the synthetic methods for the preparation of ammonia（quaternary ammonium） cellulose. A variety of synthetic methods are as follows：The nucleophilic substitution method of cellulose p-toluenesulfonate, halogenated cellulose substitution method, cellulose epoxy compound ring-opening method, cellulose amide ester amination method, Michael addition reaction strategy, cellulose carbonate amidation method, etc. Then, the application of ammonia（quaternary ammonium） cellulose in the immobilization of gene carriers and enzyme proteins, drug delivery and sustained release, disinfection and sterilization, catalysis, and adsorption and separation of heavy metals were further discussed. At last, we are looking forward to receiving the future research direction of ammonia（quaternary ammonium） cellulose.