民法典合同法编之商事合同规制刍议

How to Regulate Commercial Contract in the Contract Law of Civil Code

《合同法》包括对民事合同与商事合同的规定,是民商合一的法律集合。但随着社会经济的快速发展与网络技术的不断更新,各种新型商事合同应运而生,在法律适用上若类推适用相似民事合同的规定则易产生与新型商事合同特殊性相冲突的情形。而且,现行合同法制本身存在滞后性,具体表现为商化不足或商化过度等问题。在编纂民法典合同法编时,应考虑商事合同与民事合同的本质属性,增加对商业特许合同、演出等纯粹商事合同,对保证合同、消费者合同等非纯粹性商事合同的专门规定。此外,还需对《合同法》租赁合同、委托合同等章节的现有规则进行矫正,包括商事租赁合同中承租人应享有优先续租权及商事委托合同中委托人不应享有任意解除权。

The Contract Law,which includes rules for civil contracts and commercial contracts,are the integration of civil commercial laws. But with the rapid economic progress and the continuous renewal of the Internet,all kinds of new commercial contracts arise at this moment. If similar contract provisions are used to regulate the new commercial contracts,it will result in contradiction. Moreover,the existing contract law itself is hysteretic,which is manifested as the problem of insufficiency or excessive commercialization. In enacting the contract law of civil code,the nature of commercial contract which is different from the civil contract should be taken into consideration. We should increase the new regulations over the franchising contract,the performance contract,the guarantee contract and the consumer contract. In addition,the rules of the leasing contract and the agency appointment contract that in the current contract law must be rectified,including that the tenant should have the priority right of renewal and the consignor should not have any right of optional cancellation