四功五法·口传心授·文化蕴含——略谈舞台艺术教学与戏曲文化培养相结合问题

Four basis and five ways· oral teaching that inspires true understanding · cultural connotations——A brief discussion on the combination of stage performance teaching and opera culture cultivation

就学习表演专业的学生而言,对其教学的普遍性原则就是促使他们掌握戏曲舞台艺术的基本功——"四功五法"。并且,在教学过程中必须运用"口传心授"这种戏曲舞台艺术教学的基础方法。围绕"口传心授"教学进程可形成三重境界:"口传身授"——"口传心授(受)"——"以心传心"。但要做到"以心传心",又必须培养学生深入理解传统戏曲中深厚的文化蕴含。只有将戏曲文化培养与舞台艺术教学有机结合在一起,我们才能造就具有深厚文化底蕴的杰出戏曲人才。

As for the students majoring performance, the ＂four basics and five ways＂ is their fundamental skill which is also a universal method of teaching. In addition, oral teaching that inspires true understanding must be applied in the platform teaching, which is very essential. There are three levels of this method： a） teaching inspires the students who could closely imitate; b） teaching inspires students who could fully understand how to perform; c） teaching inspires from heart to heart which naturally passing and learning. However, the last level could only be reached by the students＇deep understanding of the opera tradition and culture. And only if solve out the problem well on harmonization of platform art teaching and opera culture cultivation, the elite students could be developed.