内陆河生态系统恢复效益评估——以黑河流域为例

Ecological System Restoration Benefits Evaluation of the Continental River System in Northwestern China: Based on the Heihe River Basin

以黑河流域为例,详述基于选择实验法评估内陆河生态系统恢复效益的指标选取及问卷设计流程,运用RPL模型估计居民生态系统恢复偏好,并在此基础上对比城乡居民偏好差异,进而计算流域生态系统恢复效益总额。结果显示:(1)受访居民希望采取一定的恢复措施来改善流域生态环境,但城乡居民对恢复措施的侧重点存在偏好差异,城镇居民对河流水质、东居沿海面积和休闲娱乐条件的偏好较强,而农村居民仅对河流水质和农田灌溉保障率有较强偏好;(2)若在黑河流域采取一定的生态系统恢复措施,使各项生态指标达到问卷设计的最优状态,则城镇居民、农村居民及样本总体的家庭年均支付意愿分别为495.012元、277.319元和391.212元,根据样本总体估计结果计算得到的生态系统恢复效益总额为2.479亿元,高于根据城乡居民分别估计结果计算得到的2.318亿元。

Taking the Heihe River Basin as an example,this paper described the selection process of indicators and the questionnaire design to evaluate the ecological system restoration benefits of the continental river system by using the experiment method choosed,and the RP L model was used to estimate the utility function. Results showed that: Residents want to take some protection and restoration measures to improve the ecological environment,but there are some differences between the urban and rural residents' choice preferences. The urban residents prefer river water quality,the area of the East Juyan Lake and the recreational conditions,while the rural residents only have a strong preference on the river water quality and farmland irrigation protection rate. If the ecological restoration measures are taken in the Heihe River Basin,so that the ecological indicators reach the optimal state,then the average annual willingness to pay for the urban residents,rural residents and the total sample are 495. 012 yuan,277.319 yuan,and 391. 212 yuan respectively,the estimated total ecological system restoration benefits are estimated to be 247. 9 million yuan according to the total sample,higher than the calculated value of the urban and rural areas estimated at 231. 8 billion yuan.