基于态度的ABC模型的马来西亚华人语言态度探究

A Study on Language Attitudes of Malaysian Chinese Using ABC Model of Attitude

以马来西亚华人为调查对象,选取能够反映"态度的ABC模型"的11个语言的特征,考察马来西亚华人对华语、汉语方言、英语和马来西亚国语—马来语的态度。通过访问式调查问卷搜集数据,运用方差分析来检验每种语言的三个态度成分与人口统计学变量的差异性后发现:总体来看马来西亚华人对华语的态度最为一致且最为积极,对马来语的态度最为消极;对英语的积极态度主要体现在认知成分,证明华人对英语的社会地位及功能有积极的态度;华人对汉语方言的态度较为消极,表现了汉语方言在马来西亚的暗淡未来。从人口统计学变量来看,马来西亚华人的语言态度显著地受其教育语言和其个人性别角色的影响。

The present study explores the language attitude of Malaysian Chinese using ＂The ABC Model of attitude＂,which claims that an attitude is composed by affective component,behavioral component and cognitive component. Eleven attitudinal adjectives that reflect the three components of language attitude are applied to each examined language： Malay,English,Chinese dialect and Mandarin. In this study,questionnaires were used to collect data,and then variance analysis was used to examine the differences in the three attitudinal components and demographic characteristics of each language. The results of the study show that Malaysian Chinese have the most positive attitude towards Mandarin and the most negative attitude toward Malay. The language attitude of Malaysian Chinese is significantly influenced by their educational language and their personal gender roles.