论刑事无罪下的民事责任问题

On Civil Liability under Criminal Innocence

我国法律对刑事无罪下的民事责任问题尚未定论,实践中做法不一。由于民事责任事实认定从属于刑事责任事实认定、刑事案件中民事赔偿判决执行困难等原因,我国现行刑事无罪判决下民事责任制度存在民事责任独立性地位缺失、从属于刑事责任、刑事案件中民事责任范围较普通民事责任狭窄等不足。基于我国现有法律尚未对刑事无罪下的民事责任所涉及的相关问题作出明确规定的立法现状,可通过确立刑事案件中民事责任的独立地位,将刑事案件中民事责任规定与民事立法相统一等方面进行完善,力求使我国刑事无罪下的民事责任制度充分发挥其自身应有的价值。

It is not conclusive at present in China＇s law on civil liability under the criminal innocence,thus various procedures have been taken in practice. Because the determination of the facts of civil liability is subordinate to that of criminal liability which is difficult to enforce civil compensation judgment in criminal cases,there are a number of deficiencies in the current civil liability system under the criminal innocence,for example,lack of independent status and subordinating to criminal liability,narrower range of civil liability in criminal cases,and so on. Based on the existing laws in China,the current legislative status of civil liability under criminal innocence has not been clearly defined,which can be improved by establishing the independent status of civil liability in criminal cases and unifying the provisions of civil liability and civil legislation in criminal cases. We should make every effort to make civil liability system under the criminal innocence give full play to its due value.