从心理分析看对外汉语口语教学的难点与对策

Difficulties in Teaching Oral Chinese to Foreigners from Psychological Analysis and Their Teaching Strategies

外国学生的汉语口语表达存在诸如洋腔洋调、难以找到表达意念的词语、难以连词成句及口头表达中多偏误等主要问题,这也是口语教学的主要难点。从心理分析的角度来看,产生这些难点的原因包括母语的负迁移、对目的语知识的不熟悉、未能很好地把陈述性知识程序化等。根据以上心理分析,教师可以采取相应的教学对策:遵循口语的特点、加强目的语语言的掌握、培养母语与目的语的转换能力等。

There are such problems existing in teaching spoken Chinese to foreign students as strong foreign accent,difficulties in finding proper words to express their thoughts,and difficulties in developing words to sentences and having many biased errors. In a perspective of psychological analysis,the causes for these difficulties are negative transfer of mother tongue,unfamiliarity with target language,inability in well transferring declarative knowledge to procedural one and so on. According to the analysis above,teachers should take such corresponding teaching strategies as following the characteristics of spoken language,strengthening the mastery of target language,increasing the ability of transforming mother tongue into target language.