科举与政争:明清时期苏州弹词传统书目选编的历史因素分析

Imperial examination and political struggle: Analyses on Historical factor of Selection of Traditional Suzhou Pingtan Bibliography during Ming and Qing Dynasty

苏州评弹在明清时期盛行于江南,借由艺人"走码头"的表演方式与江南社会深度互动。其中苏州弹词以说唱男女情爱、家庭纷争为主,其艺术载体——长篇书目在展现明清江南地区的社会观念和价值取向上具有较高的代表性。而弹词长篇多取材于清中前期刊印的话本小说,并在经过艺人选编、改进后能久唱不衰,说明其书中的共性主题,即"科举"和"政争"所传达出来的价值观念,在某种程度上是被创作者、艺人和受众所青睐的。这种"青睐"的背后是晚明时期在江南社会中形成的大众心态和价值观念的反映。

Suzhou Pingtan was prevalent in Jiangnan（lower reaches of Yangtze River） during Ming and Qing Dynasty,presented by artists ＂ Zoumatou＂ performance style and in-depth interaction with Jiangnan society. The contents of Suzhou Pingtan focuses on elaborating and singing out the stories of love,family disputes. Bibliography,the carrier of its art,highly represented the social value and its orientation at that time in Jiangnan. The contents of Pingtan are created and inspired from publication of Novel during early period of Qing Dynasty. After artists ＇ selection,improvement,it carries on,mirroring on the common and universal theme during Ming and Qing Dynasty,which is after a long time to sing,that the common theme of the book,that is,the value conveyed through ＂ imperial examination＂ and ＂ political struggle＂. To some extent,creator,artists and public fancy it. Behind this fancy,it is the reflection of public values and mindset in Jiangnan society and during late Ming Dynasty.