基于RS和GIS的咸丰县旱灾灾情快速统计技术研究

Research on Quick Statistic Technique on Drought Disaster in Xianfeng County Based on Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System

近年来,各种自然灾害频繁发生,特别是贫困地区,因灾致贫形成了恶性循环,严重影响了贫困地区经济发展并威胁人口安全。为了给相关部门在制定灾害应急响应和恢复重建工作时提供准确、快速的灾情统计数据,选取武陵山区的湖北省咸丰县为研究区,以旱灾灾害为研究对象,以多源数据为基础,结合研究区基础地理信息和社会经济数据,利用RS和GIS技术,发展受灾目标的快速识别技术以及灾情快速统计技术。研究结果:得出了咸丰县各乡镇旱灾受灾人口和受灾农作物面积,实现了该区旱灾灾情的快速统计,进而为贫困地区旱灾以及各种灾害灾情统计提供快速、准确的方法。

In recent years,various natural disasters occurred frequently,especially in poverty-stricken areas. Poverty caused by disasters has created a vicious circle,which has a serious impact on the economic development and threatens the population security in poor areas. In order to provide scientific,accurate and quick disaster statistic data for relevant departments in formulating disaster emergency response and restoration and reconstruction work,we selected the Wulin contiguous poverty-stricken mountainous area as the study area,which is Xianfeng County of Hubei Province,taking drought disaster as the research object,taking multi source data as the basis,combining the basic geographic information and socioeconomic data of the study area,using RS and GIS technology to develop the rapid identification technique of the disaster target and the fast statistics technology of the disaster situation. As the result,we obtained the drought-hit population and the crop area in all the towns of Xianfeng County,realized the quick statistics on drought disaster,furthermore,we could provide a quick and accurate method for the drought or any other disasters statistics in the poor areas.