“书”“口”之异与汉语教学

The Differences Between Written Language and Oral Language and Chinese Teaching

书面语和口头语的重大差异是汉语的重要特征,其根本原因是汉语采取的是表意的汉字。对于这个重大的差异,我们还研究得很不够。差异的主要表现是什么,如何判别,如何规范?都尚待深入探讨。在母语教育,虽然新一代学生的普通话有了明显改进,口头表达能力还是有待提高;在对外汉语教育中,由于学习者缺乏语感和语境,掌握书口之别更是无门。对外汉语教材应该就此作出更大的改革。

The significant difference between written language and oral language is the important characteristics of Chinese language,and the basic reason is to use ideographic writing.For the significant difference,we should further discuss what the main performance is and how to distinguish and regulate.In the mother tongue education,students＇ oral expression ability still needs to improve.On the other hand,Chinese learners are hard to master the differences because of lack of language sense and context.Therefore,the textbooks of teaching Chinese as a second language should be make more reform.