艺术人类学与音乐研究的范式

Art Anthropology and the Paradigm of Music Studies

近年来,艺术人类学在理论和方法上对音乐研究的贡献越来越大,音乐研究者对艺术人类学的兴趣有增无减。艺术人类学是研究整个人类文化的发生、发展、变迁和演化过程的学科,具有很强的包容性,它将音乐研究中的音乐生产、音乐实践、音乐审美和音乐传播等四个文化因素纳入思考的范畴,并在研究中借鉴人类学的方法,形成了具有音乐艺术特质的研究范式,也就是说音乐研究的范式不仅仅是一个描述狭义音乐事象的学术领域,而是一种内在于各个相关学科与领域和其他人文学科领域的音乐研究理解范式和艺术综合模式。艺术人类学与音乐研究的范式之间是紧密联系的,它们吸收了其他学科的研究经验,以艺术人类学整合观、整体观、适应观、普同观、相对观等的视野和田野民族志方法对音乐研究做出了独特贡献。

In recent years,art anthropology increasingly contributes to music studies in terms of theory and methods; meanwhile,music researchers are increasingly interested in art anthropology. Art anthropology is a subject that investigates the generation,development,change and evolution of human culture,so that it is inclusive and it concerns four cultural elements,namely the production,practice,appreciation and dissemination of music. Furthermore,anthropological methods are adopted,forming a research paradigm with musical artistic characteristics. Therefore,the paradigm of music studies is not only an academic field describing musical phenomena in the narrow sense,it is a paradigm of music studies and understanding and a comprehensive art mode underlaying the relevant subjects and other humanities fields. Art anthropology closely relates to the paradigm of music studies and they adopt the research experience from other subjects,making unique contributions to music studies with the integrated,holistic,adaptive,universal and relative perspectives in art anthropology,as well as the field ethnographic methods.