输电导线微风振动传感器结构设计与应用性能研究

Research on structure design and application performance of breeze vibration sensor for power transmission line

输电线路运行时,由于受风的作用,导线时刻处于振动状态,高频微幅的微风振动使得输电线沿线产生不同程度的动弯应力,从而可能导致导线、地线出现疲劳断股的现象。目前,采用能量平衡法计算微风振动的方法被广泛研究,但其数值分析方法的复杂性导致其无法较好地应用于现场实际。笔者首先对光纤光栅微风振动传感器的悬臂梁式封装方式进行改进。为避免能量平衡法和传递矩阵法产生的计算误差,采用悬臂梁原理直接测量导线离线夹出口处的导线振动振幅,将其作为衡量导线动弯应变的指标来反映微风振动情况,在此基础上,给出相应的安装夹具结构图。为测试此光纤光栅微风振动传感器的工作特性,分别进行了实验室特性测试和现场试验。测试结果表明,此输电导线微风振动传感器能准确反映微风振动情况,且其结构与性能均符合国家相关标准要求,有较好的实际应用价值。

When the transmission line is running,the conductor is always in the vibration state due to the action of wind. The high-frequency and micro wind vibration modes of transmission lines causes different degrees of dynamic bending stress along the transmission line and may lead to fatigue and strand breakage of wires and ground wires.At present,the energy balance method is widely used to calculate the vibration of the breeze. However,the complexity of its numerical analysis makes it unable to be applied to the field practice. In this paper,the cantilever beam packaging method of FBG micro wind vibration sensor is analyzed and improved. To avoid the calculation error of energy balance method and transfer matrix method,this sensor uses the cantilever principle to directly measure the vibration amplitude of the conductor at the outlet of the off-line clamp,and takes it as an index to measure the dynamic bending strain of the conductor at the outlet of the clamp to reflect the breeze vibration. On this basis,the corresponding fixture structure diagram of the sensor is given. In order to test the working characteristics of the FBG micro wind vibration sensor,the laboratory characteristics test and field test are carried out respectively. The test results show that the transmission line guide breeze sensor can accurately reflect the vibration of the breeze,and its structure and working characteristics are all in line with the relevant national standard requirements,which has a good practical application value.