ANT视域下少数民族手工艺类文化遗产产业化研究——以黔东南丹寨县民族传统手工艺为例

Study on the Cultural Heritage Industrialization of Ethnic Handicrafts from the Perspective of ANT: A Case Study of Traditional Handicrafts in Danzhai County,Qiandongnan Prefecture

产业化是传承与保护少数民族传统手工艺文化遗产的重要途径之一。通过对贵州黔东南丹寨县晟世锦绣民族文化创意公司进行人类学田野调查,借助行动者网络理论(即ANT)探析黔东南丹寨县的民族传统手工艺产业化发展过程发现:黔东南晟世锦绣民族文化创意公司的民族手工艺产业化发展的行动者主要包括地方各级政府、相关专家学者(青年投资银行家与研究专家、中国知名非物质文化遗产与社会创新研究专家、国际知名面料与创新材料专家、专业设计团队)、影视传媒(知名摄影师、中国知名媒体人、央视国际频道编导、中国最大的影视传播平台优酷)、互联网电商(微店、淘宝、京东)、技艺精湛的黔东南村寨少数民族绣娘团、手工艺品购买者、民族传统手工技艺与物质环境等。这些异质行动者通过充分发挥各自的能动性与彼此间的互动关系,从而构建了民族手工艺产业化发展的行动者网络。

Industrialization is one of the most essential approaches to inherit and protect culture of ethnic traditional handicrafts. Based on the field investigation on Shengshijinxiu National Culture Investment Co.,Ltd in Danzhai county,the present study analyzed the industrialization process of ethnic traditional handicrafts from the perspective of ANT. The results show that the actors of Shengshijinxiu include local government,specialists（ in the field of banking investment,intangible cultural heritage,material innovation and design）,television media（ famous photographers,journalists,channer director of CCTV,and Youku）,Internet e-commerce（ Taobao and Jingdong）,embroidery team,buyers,handicrafts and material environment. All of those actors have constructed ANT of the development of ethnic traditional handicrafts with the integration between individual activities and cooperation.