网约车平台与司机之法律关系认定及法律责任划分

Identification of Legal Relation and Demarcation of Legal Responsibilities Between Online Car-hailing Platform and Online Car-hailing Drivers

网约车平台与司机之间是否形成劳动关系,各界认识不一。尽管网约车平台的用工形式比较松散、自由,司机对平台的经济从属性有所减弱,但从平台提供线上线下一体化运营服务,依优势劳动条件单方面制定运营规则,司机执行其指令并接受其监管等方面来看,司机对平台的人身从属性依然存在。信息社会中劳动关系的性质有所改变,相应地,应当对劳动关系的认定标准进行扩张解释,依"普遍性标准+特殊性标准"识别网约车平台与司机之间的法律关系。对于具有人身从属性的用工关系,明确雇主责任是划分各方法律责任的关键。

Whether there is a labor relationship between the online car-hailing platform and the online car-hailing drivers,there are different opinions from all walks of life. Although the working form of online car-hailing platform is loose and free,and drivers’ financial subordination to platform is weakening,the online car-hailing platform provides the integrated operation service online and offline,and sets out activity rules unilaterally depending on its superiority of labor condition,drivers perform orders from the platform and supervised by it. It is fact that the personal subordination is still maintained. The nature of labor relations has changed in the information society,accordingly,the identification standard of labor relations should adopt the extensive interpretation standard,through universal standard and particular standard to identify the legal relation between online car-hailing platform and online car-hailing drivers. In the employment relationships which have the personal subordination,identifying the employer’s responsibility is the key point to demarcate the legal responsibility between all parties.