类黄酮对油菜脂肪酸积累的影响及其分子机制

Effects of flavonoids on fatty acid accumulation and its molecular mechanisms in oilseed rape

油菜是世界上最重要的油料作物之一,在我国长江流域有较大的种植面积。菜籽油作为主要食用油之一,在人类生命活动中具有十分重要的作用,再加上全球菜籽油的需求量不断增长,提高油菜籽产油量已成为油菜育种的重要目标。类黄酮作为自然界分布最广泛的次级代谢产物之一,在植物的生长发育过程中扮演着十分重要的角色。类黄酮不仅能够提高植物逆境耐性,还可以调节植物各种生理活动,但是,目前关于类黄酮对种子含油量的影响及种皮中色素积累的进化机制尚不清晰。因此,本文主要综述了种子类黄酮的合成调控、分布、功能及抑制脂肪酸合成的分子机制,以了解类黄酮影响脂肪酸积累的分子机制,为今后通过调控碳源分配来提高种子含油量的研究提供理论基础。

Oilseed rape（Brassica napus L.） is one of the most important oil crops worldwide,and has a large planting area in Yangtze River basin.As one of the four major edible oils,rapeseed oil plays a fundamental role in human life activities.In addition,with the increasing global demand for rapeseed oil,raising oilseed rape production becomes an important direction of rapeseed breeding.As one of the most widely distributed secondary metabolites in nature,flavonoids play a critical part in plant growth and development.Flavonoids can not only improve stress tolerance,but also regulate various physiological activities of plants.However,the role of flavonoids in determining seed oil contents and the evolutionary mechanism of how pigments accumulate in seed coats remain elusive.In this review,we highlighted the metabolism,distribution,and function of flavonoids and its inhibiting effects on fatty acid accumulation in rapeseed.Understanding the molecular mechanism of flavonoids affecting fatty acid accumulation can provide a theoretical basis for increasing oil content of seeds by regulating the allocation of carbon sources in the future.