柯桥区育龄人群二孩生育意愿及影响因素

Second child bearing desire and influencing factors among people of reproductive age in Keqiao District

目的了解绍兴市柯桥区育龄人群二孩生育意愿及影响因素,为预测生育水平、合理配置医疗卫生资源及有效落实人口政策提供依据。方法于2017年4—6月,从柯桥区8个乡镇/街道中各随机抽取2个社区,对社区内20~49岁已婚有配偶者进行基本情况和二孩生育意愿问卷调查,采用Logistic回归模型分析二孩生育意愿的影响因素。结果发放问卷655份,回收655份,有效612份,有效率为93.43%。其中男性177人,占28.92%;女性435人,占71.08%;平均(30.1±4.9)周岁。386人有二孩生育意愿,意愿生育率为63.07%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄在30~40岁之间(OR=2.073~2.131,均P<0.05),从事工人、农民、家务/待业、个体户/经商等职业(OR=1.816~4.543,均P<0.05),本人非独生子女(OR=2.200,P<0.05),夫妻双方均非独生子女(OR=2.119,P<0.05),一孩为女孩(OR=1.436,P<0.05)是生育二孩的促进因素;文化程度高(OR=0.203~0.505,均P<0.05),平均每日工作8 h(OR=0.556,P<0.05),结婚年龄晚于25岁(OR=0.172~0.349,均P<0.05)是生育二孩的阻碍因素。结论柯桥区育龄人群二孩生育意愿相对较高,年龄、文化程度、职业、工作时间、本人是否为独生子女、双方家庭结构、结婚年龄和第一孩性别与二孩生育意愿相关。

Objective To learn the second child bearing desire and its influencing factors among people of reproductive age and to provide reference for the newborn population prediction, effective population policy promotion and health-care resource allocation. Methods The married people at the age of 20 to 49 years in Keqiao District from April to June in 2017 were selected by the multi-stage random sampling method. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was used to investigate the second child bearing desire. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the second child bearing desire. Results A total of 655 questionnaires were issued, with 612 valid （93.43%） . Among the 612 respondents, 386 were willing to bear the second child and the rate was 63.07%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that age between 30 and 40 years old （OR=2.073-2.131, all P 〈0.05） , engaged in workers, farmers, household/unemployed and self-employed/business （OR=1.816-4.543, all P 〈0.05） , respondents were not only children （OR=2.200, P 〈0.05） , couples both were not only children （OR=2.119, P 〈 0.05） and the first child was a girl were the promotive factors for having the second child; higher education level （OR=0.203-0.505, all P〈 0.05）, the average working time was 8 h （OR=0.556, P〈 0.05）, and the marriage age was more than 25 years old （OR=0.172-0.349, all P 〈 0.05） were obstructive factors for having the second child. Conclusion The people of reproductive age in Keqiao are more willing to bear second child. Age, education level, occupation, daily work time, the only child or not, family structure, marriage age and gender of the first child are associated with the second child bearing desire.