新中国成立初期交通发展战略的演进与绩效

Evolution and Performance of Transportation Development Strategy in Early Period of Founding of New China

新中国成立之初,交通发展战略得到很大重视,不仅跻身国家发展战略,而且体现了第一代领导集体学习历史经验、利用国内外一切积极因素进行现代化建设的魄力和勇气。本文通过梳理相关历史史料,认为该战略的提出和实施,一方面很好地配合了优先发展重工业的目标追求,另一方面也探索了一条中国特色的交通发展之路。不过,在短缺经济时代,需要大量的、连续性的投资显然影响了交通发展战略的可持续性,但其蕴含的价值无疑会对构建具有中国特色交通体制产生重要影响,也对新中国成立初期相关发展战略的决策过程、制度设计和结果评价提供一个不同的观察视角。

In the early period of the founding of new China,the government attaches great importance to the strategy of transportation development.On the one hand,it is a national development strategy.On the other hand,it also embodies the daring and courage of the first generation of leadership through the study of historical experience and the use of all positive factors at home and abroad for modernization.By combing the relevant historical data,the proposal and implementation of the strategy,on the one hand,is well coordinated with the priority pursuit of heavy industry,and on the other hand,it explores a road of transportation development with Chinese characteristics.However,in the era of shortage economy,the need for a large amount of continuous investment obviously affects the sustainability of the transportation development strategy.It has an important impact on the construction of the transportation system with Chinese characteristics.It also provides a different perspective on understanding the decision-making process,system design and results evaluation of the relevant development strategies in the early days of the founding of new China.