“争点效理论”应用的问题及解决

Comment on the Application and Trend of Japan's “Dispute Effect”Theory in China

日本"争点效"理论源于英美法系中争点排除规则,以解决大陆法系既判力客观范围限于判决主文原则的缺陷为己任。然我国乏善可陈的判决效力规则下,司法实践中引用日本"争点效"理论制定裁判规则及指导司法实践存在理论供给不足及适用标准偏差等多种问题。当事人进行主义下自主援引的日本"争点效"理论与我国的职权进行主义的程序模式在追求客观真实的诉讼目的指导下存在致命冲突,对于实践中以此理论为基础的规定和判例在做出时均应该谨慎进行。借鉴大陆法系传统的中间确认之诉和完善我国预决效力规则,则可解决判决理由确定事项效力不明的问题。

Japan＇s ＂Contention Effect＂theory is derived from the exclusionary rule in AngloAmerican law system,which aims at solving the limitation of the objective scope of res judicata in civil law system. However,under the rule of the ineffective judgments in China,the judicial practice of reference to the Japanese ＂dispute effect＂theory to develop the rules and guide the judicial practice of the existence of theoretical supply shortage and the application of standard deviation and other issues. The author argues that there is a fatal conflict between Japan＇s ＂contest-point effect＂theory and the procedural model of the authoritarianism in China,which is based on the theory of objective and true litigation. In making the regulations and cases based on the theory,Should be carried out with caution. Draw lessons from the traditional confirmation of civil law in the civil law system and improve the rules of the validity of the predicate in our country,we can solve the problem of the validity of the determination of the reasons for the judgment.